T he complete decoding of the Human Genome Project is a major scientific breakthrough in the history of mankind. The scientific achievements and inventions have created new concepts, new viewpoints and new approaches. Most of patents cover claims of sequences of the genome DNA, complementary DNA, individual mutations with expressed sequences and individual polymorphisms. The analysis of human genome by molecular biology methods enabled the identification, isolation and manipulation of a great number of genes, restoration of genes normal functional capacity. Therefore, treatment of genetic diseases will mark the future not by control of effects but by removal of reasons. All these created viewpoints having generated decisions concerning the existence of a strict control over the activities of scientists and researchers. The bioethics is a topical problem, there going to be examined its aspects bound on genetic engineering or on use of embryos and human fetuses. Just by these very reasons the bioethics becomes a priority strategy established by UNESCO for the years 2002-2007, beginning with the finishing of the human genome project.