In the paper is examined the concept of national external economic security based on the rethinking of the categories of general external economic security and factor of external medium. As an object of study of the scientific discipline are examined exogen shocks for national economy, and as a protected value – the capacity of national economy to satisfy material necessities of society, namely, maximally possible long-term economic growth, national internal economic cohesion and national economic sovereignty. Examining the factor of external medium is positing a notion of the geographical zone of national external economic interests.