Research, conservation and restoration of the liturgical archaeological textile item Epimanikion (Right) discovered in the crypt of Metropolitan Gavriil Bănulescu-Bodoni
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GUGEANU, Mariana. Research, conservation and restoration of the liturgical archaeological textile item Epimanikion (Right) discovered in the crypt of Metropolitan Gavriil Bănulescu-Bodoni. In: Muzeul Naţional de Istorie a Moldovei. : Istorie - Arheologie - Muzeologie, Ed. 31, 28-29 octombrie 2021, Chisinau. Chişinău: Casa Editorial-Poligrafică „Bons Offices”, 2021, Ediția 31, pp. 89-90. ISBN 978-9975-87-875-3 (PDF).
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Muzeul Naţional de Istorie a Moldovei.
Ediția 31, 2021
Conferința "Conferinţa ştiinţifică internaţională a Muzeului Naţional de Istorie a Moldovei. "
31, Chisinau, Moldova, 28-29 octombrie 2021

Research, conservation and restoration of the liturgical archaeological textile item Epimanikion (Right) discovered in the crypt of Metropolitan Gavriil Bănulescu-Bodoni

CZU: 7.025.4+27-523+902

Pag. 89-90

Gugeanu Mariana
 
”Moldova” National Museum Complex Iași
 
Disponibil în IBN: 30 noiembrie 2021


Rezumat

The paper deals with the issue of the conservation-restoration of the liturgical archaeological textile Right Epimanikion that was discovered during the archaeological excavations carried out in August 2016, at Căpriana Monastery – the Republic of Moldova, and belonged to Metropolitan Gavriil Bănulescu-Bodoni. Archaeological research gives back to present time significant historical discoveries, including artefacts made by various textile techniques. As against inorganic archaeological materials (pottery, metal), archaeological textiles represent rare discoveries. Out of all archaeological vestiges, textiles are the objects most sensitive to the action of the degradation factors, whose cumulative effect could lead, at the worst, to complete destruction unless rescuing measures are taken right after their excavation from the burial environment. The conservationrestoration process applied in the case of archaeological textiles is one of the most complex ones, if one takes into consideration the organic nature or, in most of the cases, the composite nature (implying materials of different nature - organic and inorganic -) of the composing materials, and the various types of degradation generated by the cumulative action of the factors existing in the burial environment. Scientific research using modern means is essential for a proper evolution of the conservation-restoration process. The aim of scientific investigations is to know the structure of the object, its state of conservation, to identify the nature of the composing materials, the corrosion products, the biological degradations. Likewise, studies on archaeological textile items show not only their structure and composing materials, but also their manufacturing techniques. The results of visual examination, carried out with unaided eye or magnifying optical instruments, and of physical and chemical analyses, performed using non-invasive modern techniques, are extremely useful to the restorer for establishing the object’s state of conservation and for choosing the appropriate conservation-restoration methodology. The researches undertaken for the liturgical archaeological textile Right Epimanikion, from the point of view of identifying its manufacturing technique and the nature of its composing materials, have shown that the item (discovered in a fragmentary state) is made using the technique of manual embroidery on multiple support (textile and paper), with coloured natural silk threads (brown, ochre-brown, yellow-gold, emerald green), silver and gilded silver metallic threads wrapped around a natural silk core, spiral and facet metallic bands, copper and gilded silver sequins. The decoration of the embroidery includes floral motifs (roses, tulips) and motifs with a religious symbolic meaning (the cross, the bishop mitre); the latest equally have, in their artistic composition, decorative red and blue glass stones. The research and conservation-restoration interventions carried out for the liturgical archaeological textile item Right Epimanikion led to both stopping the degradation processes and stabilizing the chemical structure of the materials; they also allowed the identification of their manufacturing technique and their restoration. The information provided by the research using modern means has been extremely useful, allowing the conservation-restoration and museum valorization of the item, which is now part of the permanent collection of the “St. Hierarch Gavriil” Museum of Căpriana Monastery.