Background and aims: Scientific data suggests sex (biological) and gender (gender-based roles, behavior and power) differences in the manifestations of infections. Methods: The study included 201 patients with neuroinfections admitted in the tertiary neurology center from 2007 to 2018. The diagnosis was confirmed based on clinical presentation, CSF, neuroimaging and laboratory testing. The data was analyzed with SPSS package for Windows. Results: In the study sample 54.7% were men. No sex differences were noted in mean age (44.22±15.85 y), outcome and mortality rate (21.9%). Men were more likely to smoke (9.1% vs. 2.2%, p<0.05), drink alcohol (18.2% vs 6.6%, p<0.05), work outside the country (11.8% vs 1.1%, p<0.01) and have hepatitis (20.9% vs. 7.7%, p<0.01). The main clinical presentation was meningitis, mostly in men (64.5% vs 45.1%, p<0.01), in women – myelitis (16.5% vs 7.3%, p<0.05). Women presented more sensitive manifestations (19.8% vs 5.5%, p<0.01), cranial nerves palsies: n. III (17.6% vs. 8.2%, p<0.05), n.VI (13.2% vs 4.5%, p<0.05), seizures (17.6% vs 8.2%, p<0.05) and tetraparesis (41.9% vs. 19.4%, p<0.001). Neuroimaging shows encephalitic lesions in women (23.1% vs. 10.9%, p<0.05) and abnormalities of the adjacent structures in men (17.3% vs. 4.4%, p<0.01). Conclusion: The analysis of our data revealed genderbased differences in exposure and clinical profiles in neuroinfections in a prospective cohort. Disclosure: Nothing to disclose