This scientific paper addresses the issues concerning the relationship between objective law and human rights. By examining the historical evolution of this relationship, arguments are put forward proving that scientific and technological progress, as accompanied by new technologies and innovative materials, sometimes results in both positive and negative consequences, which create new challenges for human rights that contemporary society is not ready to overcome. The COVID-19 global pandemic is mentioned as an example, including the ways in which states have reacted to it. The basic idea lies in realizing the impossibility to guarantee human rights outside the process of classifying social processes through legal norms, as the highest purpose of law is to ensure and to structure individual liberty and sovereignty. The author examines several scientific theories that try to determine the situation of the individual within a state. Consequently, a hypothesis is launched that the situation of the individual in a contemporary democratic state must be characterized by mutual rights and duties between the state and the individual, by a wide range of citizens’ rights and freedoms, as well as by the possibility of guaranteeing and protecting them against any types of abuse