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SM ISO690:2012 LEAHU, Pavel. Advances in modern management of epilepsy: brain stimulation. In: Cercetarea în biomedicină și sănătate: calitate, excelență și performanță, Ed. 1, 20-22 octombrie 2021, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: 2021, p. 200. ISBN 978-9975-82-223-7 (PDF).. |
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Cercetarea în biomedicină și sănătate: calitate, excelență și performanță 2021 | |||||
Conferința "Cercetarea în biomedicină și sănătate: calitate, excelență și performanță" 1, Chişinău, Moldova, 20-22 octombrie 2021 | |||||
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Background. Epilepsy is a major neurological disorder affecting around 65 million people worldwide. In around 30% of cases current pharmacological approaches show limited to no results, thus pointing out the need for alternative treatments such as brain neuromodulation. Objective of the study. To assess available modern options of brain neuromodulation in epilepsy patients presented in the literature. Material and Methods. We have conducted a targeted on PubMed Central and Google Scholar engines, in specialized books, in guides and protocols, using the keywords “epilepsy”, “neuromodulation”, “stimulation”, “brain”, “electric”, “magnetic”, “vagus nerve” and “deep brain stimulation”. We analyzed articles written in English. The time period covered was January 1st, 2000 to May 1st, 2021. Results. From a pathophysiological point of view, epilepsy is a result of abnormal neuronal network activity in the brain due to a pathological increase in excitatory synapses (glutamatergic) with a decrease in inhibitory activity (GABA-ergic). Thus, approaching this paradigm, it is assumed that inhibitory neuromodulation could induce the phenomenon of LTD (long-term excitatory depression) with normalization of the excitation threshold in hyper-excitable area and as a result obtaining the expected therapeutic effect. Modulation of brain activity can be achieved by impacting the peripheral elements of sensitization (TDCS, TENS, VNS) or direct cortical-subcortical activity (TMS, DBS). Conclusion. By reducing cortical-subcortical excitability, targeted neuromodulation has enormous therapeutic potential in the treatment of epilepsy, especially in drug-resistant forms |
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Cuvinte-cheie epilepsy, stimulation, neuromodulation, TMS, VNS, DBS, TENS, epilepsie, stimulare, neuromodulare, TMS, VNS, DBS, TENS |
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