Historical fencing is a young sport that is in the first phase of development, with a past that includes many secrets and "doors" still closed for contemporary civilization. Historical fencing is a sport that stands on the border between the simple reconstruction of the life of the medieval era and contemporary competitions. The paper presents a retrospective analysis of the evolution of historical fencing at national and international level, which allows us to conclude that historical fencing is a cultural-sporting activity of great importance for the development of society and personality. Practicing it allows to combine the study of history and culture with the sportsmanship and discipline necessary for the sports activities of the growing generation. In the process of analyzing national and foreign historical sources, we unfortunately did not find sources that would give us a clear picture of the process of training medieval Moldovan swordsmen. Nor do the literary and historical anti-medieval sources give us a complete picture of period fencing in Eastern Europe in general and medieval Moldova in particular. The absence of a clear rule and criteria for assessing technical efficiency, leads to misunderstandings, trauma and even quarrels during the competition process.