Many women report noticeable fluctuations in physical performance throughout the menstrual cycle, while others report that performance is constant. But what do objective data say? Endurance training has a great influence on the development of endurance and lean body mass and plays a key role in many women's sports and recreational training programs. Most women train during their reproductive years, when they are exposed to continuous changes in steroid hormone profiles due to the menstrual cycle or contraceptive use. Therefore, it is important to focus on how female hormones can affect responses to different types of training. The purpose of this systematic analysis is to identify and critically evaluate current studies on the effect of the menstrual cycle and responses to resistance training. The Embase, PubMed, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science electronic databases were searched using a comprehensive list of relevant terms. Studies have been included that have investigated the effect of the menstrual cycle on responses to different types of training.