The collapse of the Soviet Union led to a severe shock into the political, economic and social spheres of the Moldovan society. A large number of people lost their usual style of life, employment, place of residence, and are faced with the manifestation of ethnic intolerance. In this article we will describe the basic socio-demographic characteristics of migration processes in the Republic of Moldova, the factors and conditions that shape migration behavior, which can be divided into several stages. In general, citizens of the Republic of Moldova had high demands to the new political realities. However, the historical development of the country has gone not in the way that was expected by theinhabitants of the Soviet Moldavia. And hundreds of thousands of people very soon started looking for his place for life outside of our country. In addition, on the left bank of the Dniester River was developed its own socio-political formation, which has aggravated the conflict relations in the Moldovan society.