This chapter investigates certain aspects of female migration from Moldova and Ukraine and, more particularly, relates them to the structural organisation of care in EU countries that are the targets of this migration. The Republic of Moldova is located at the junction of the European and the post-Soviet Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) migration systems. In mid-2008 the Ukrainian Centre of Social Reforms (UCSR) and the State Committee of Statistics of Ukraine (SSCU) conducted the first large-scale survey on labour migration based on a household sample. Studies from Moldova offers useful information on the social and demographic profile of citizens involved in international labour migration. Fiona Williams, who has extensively written about the interrelations of migration and social and labour policies in contemporary Europe, is convinced that in designing future politics and policies we should be aware of the transnational economy of care and aim at global justice and the transnational political ethics of care.