Introducere. Migraţia conferă un impact major asupra sănătăţii publice la nivel mondial.
Scopul lucrării. Identificarea particularităţilor tuberculozei pulmonare la migranţi.
Material și metode. A fost efectuat un studiu retrospectiv asupra particularităţilor generale, microbiologice şi radiologice a 70 pacienţi cu TBP care au revenit din migraţie.
Rezultate. Distribuția conform sexului a determinat predominarea bărbaţilor 46 (65%) vs. 24 (34%). Femei, 45 (64%) pacienţi au avut reședință urbană şi 16 (23%) rurală, neangajaţi şi fără poliţă de asigurare au fost 59 (84%). Cazurile noi au fost 50 (71%), recidivă 11 (16%) cazuri, au fost recuperați dupa abandon 7 (10%) cazuri şi eşec terapeutic 1 (1%) pacient. Ambii plămîni au fost afectaţi la 32 (46%), distrucție au fost stabilite la 29 (41%), procese extinse la 25 (36%). Microscopia Ziehl-Neelsen a fost pozitivă la 26 (37%), cultura pe medii convenţionale la 24 (34%) cazuri, metoda molecular genetică GeneXpert MTB/Rifampicină la 18 (26%) pacienţi. Multidrog-rezistenţa a fost stabilită la 11 (16%) pacienţi. Succesul terapeutic a fost stabilit la 43(61%), decesul a fost constatat la 6 (8%), au fost pierduţi din supraveghere 2 (13%), 7 (3%) a evoluat în eşec terapeutic.
Concluzii. Au fost mai frevent afectaţi de tuberculoză bărbaţii, în vîrstă aptă de muncă cu factori de risc: domiciliu în zona urbană, absenţa poliţei de asigurare, şomeri. Au fost mai frecvent cazuri noi, cu ambii plămîni afectaţi, distrucții parenchimatoase şi procese extinse.

Introduction. Migration has a major impact on public health worldwide.
Objective of the study. To identify the peculiarities of pulmonary tuberculosis in migrants.
Material and methods. A retrospective study was performed on the general, microbiological and radiological particularities of 70 patients who returned from migration with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Results. Distribution by gender determined the predominance of male sex 46 (65%) vs. 24 (34%) women, 45 (64%) patients were from urban and 16 (23%) rural area, unemployed and without insurance policy were 59 (84%). New cases were 50 (71%), relapses were 11 (16%) cases, were recovered after lost to follow-up 7 (10%) cases and therapeutic failure 1 (1%) patient. Both lungs were affected in 32 (46%), destructions had 29 (41%), extensive processes had 25 (36%). Ziehl-Neelsen microscopy was positive in 26 (37%), conventional culture in 24 (34%) cases, GeneXpert MTB/Rifampicin assay was positive in 18 (26%) patients. Multidrug resistance was established in 11 (16%) patients. The therapeutic succes was established in 43 (61%), died 6 (8%), 2 (13%) were lost to follow-up, 7 (3%) evolved into therapeutic failure.
Conclusion. Men who were more affected by tuberculosis, were in age able to work with risk factors: residence in the urban area, lack of insurance policy, unemployed. More frequently were new cases, with both affected lungs, parenchymal destruction and extensive processes.