In this study, the legal regulation and the theoretical approaches of the concept of the assessment of evidence in the criminal process were analyzed as a component element of the evidence. At the same time, the principles of the assessment of the evidence, the stages of its determination, their role in determining the circumstances of the case, were established. The topicality of this theme is also due to the problem of the controversial syntax “own conviction” when assessing the evidence put forward by theorists and approached as an unconstitutional fact. In conclusion, the author proposes his own definition of the notion of the institution of evidence assessment.