The criminal law of the Republic of Moldova provides for two forms of activity of the persons competent in the criminal trial: the first is the consultative one, accomplished by their participation in the carrying out of the procedural activities as specialists; the second, a scientific examination of the facts or factual circumstances, carried out at the request of the criminal investigation bodies or the court by the competent persons involved in the process as experts. The judicial expertise is the scientific and practical research carried out within the judicial process, which aims at finding the truth by conducting methodical research with the application of special knowledge, as well as technical and scientific procedures and formulation of some reasoned conclusions regarding certain facts, circumstances, material objects, phenomena and processes, human body and psyche, which can serve as evidence in a judicial process. The technical and scientific finding, in the general sense, is the immediate scientific interpretation and capitalization of the traces, means of evidence and factual circumstances, carried out at the request of the criminal investigation bodies, in order to identify the perpetrator and the objects used for committing the offense. The technical and scientific finding is the means by which the knowledge of a specialist or technician needed for an urgent elucidation of facts or circumstances requiring specialized knowledge is used during the criminal prosecution phase, having an optional character. The forensic finding is the means by which certain issues involving medical knowledge are clarified in urgent cases at the criminal prosecution stage of criminal proceedings. Similarly to the technical and scientific finding, the forensic findings are used in moments close to, or at least not remote from the time of committing of the offense, which explains their disposal at the stage of criminal prosecution. Unlike the technical and scientific finding, the forensic finding is only carried out by the forensic entity that has such competences according to the normative organization of the forensic institutions and services. The scientific and technical findings, as well as the forensic findings, are more restricted than the expertise, they are optional and are only available in cases of emergency