The article considers the relationship of a number of ethnocultural factors with the adaptability indicators of Belarusians of Moldova to the new Moldavian realities. The indicators used by ethnosociologists are used as indicators: signifi cance for a person of his ethnicity, level of ethnic tolerance, attitude to mixed marriages, perception of the titular language, attitude to the titular ethnic group, etc.Intercultural interaction is considered as a process due to natural and social factors, stereotypical and behavioral conditions of interacting cultures. Based on the study, the author found that the nature of the interaction between neighboring ethnic groups is of great importance for the adaptation process. It is concluded that for harmonious intercultural communication, an understanding of “alien” stereotypes of behavior that is refl ected in ethnic traditions, customs, and culture is necessary. It is this understanding, as well as the tolerant attitude of Belarusians towards Moldavians, representatives of other nationalities to a large extent, that is a means to help Belarusians adapt painlessly.