Aplicarea elementelor de tehnologie organică la cultivarea speciilor aromatice și medicinale
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2024-01-19 20:05
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CHISNICEAN, Lilia, CHISNICEAN, Vasile. Application of organic technological elements to the cultivation of spice-aromatic and medicinal species. In: Agriculture and Food engineering, 22-23 octombrie 2020, Iași. Iași, România: University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iaşi, 2020, pp. 61-62.
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Agriculture and Food engineering 2020
Congresul "Agriculture and Food engineering"
Iași, Romania, 22-23 octombrie 2020

Aplicarea elementelor de tehnologie organică la cultivarea speciilor aromatice și medicinale

Application of organic technological elements to the cultivation of spice-aromatic and medicinal species


Pag. 61-62

Chisnicean Lilia, Chisnicean Vasile
 
Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 12 decembrie 2020


Rezumat

The pressing problems of modern society are the massive pollution of the environment and the obtained products. The use of organic technological elements, in the cultivation and processing of spice-aromatic and medicinal plants, is becoming extremely current. The replacement of some processes and mechanisms in the classical cultivation technology, by the organic ones, allowed us to obtain structural improvement of the soil, maintenance and amelioration of the living soil habitat, vigor and vivacity of the plans, increased quality of obtained - unpolluted raw material. For the extensive cleaning of weeds and the improvement of the soil structure, the cultivation of plants for green fodder or a sidereal crop. In the crop rotation, was introduced Sinapis alba, which attests to the best results, the dense crops of the species Trigonella caerulea, Trigonella foenum - graecum. Superficial tillage with light equipment - as the chisel, without turning the arable layer, allowed its protection and even restructuring. The qualitative preparation of the soil, immediately before sowing, was done with harrow-type harrows, which destroyed the sprouted weeds and harrowed them, which allowed homogeneous sowing. During the vegetation, as much as the size of the plants allows - the harrowing with the arched toothed harrows that produced minimal damage but reduced the number of weeds by about 60-90%. Weeding between rows during the growing season was carried out buy a weeder. Mulching prevented the weeding, protected the soil and reduced the evaporation of water from it. As mulching material, they used cereal straw, plant remains of cultivated species, degradable paper, etc. Respecting of the assortment and succession in crop rotation of the spice-aromatic and medicinal species limited the spread of diseases, pests, reducing the seed reserves of weeds in the soil. Combating diseases caused by fungi was performed with Trichodermin, copper sulfate, Recol, infections with Rizoplan, Paurin. Aphids, mites and whitefly mosquitoes were controlled with the organic insecticide Pelecol, mining moths, thrips, wasp with a saw, caught in sticky traps, all being developed in the IGFPP for organic farming. Extracts, infusions, macerate from the species Ecquisetum arvense, Artemisia ssp., Calendula officinalis, Pyretrum cinerarefolium, Koellia virginiana, Echinacea purpurea. medicinal and aromatic have been used as remedies for preventing and combating diseases and pests. Fertilization was done with natural, organic products such as solid biohumus, liquid biostim that induced the accumulation of humus, regeneration of soil structure.

Cuvinte-cheie
organic technology, processes, soil structure, weed control, mulching