The new social and educational transformations in Slovakia and Czech Republic in recent decades (European policies on children's rights and mental health, reforms in school legislation and the education system, increasing pathological phenomena in schools, etc.) have led to changes in the work of school psychologists, implicitly in the training system of specialists in the field. The development of school psychology took place mainly after 1990, with the "velvet revolution". Until this date, the psychological assistance was coordinated by regulations developed by the former Czechoslovak government. In this context, we propose an analysis of the Czech and Slovak experiences on the most essential reforms and policies that have contributed to the development of the field of educational psychology, including the challenges for training system of school psychologists that these countries face at the present stage.