Accumulation potential for heavy metals of the edible snail Helix Pomatia L
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2023-12-03 19:18
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504.054:546.3:594.38 (1)
Știința mediului înconjurător (910)
Metale în general (36)
Mollusca. Moluşte. Brachiopoda (21)
SM ISO690:2012
ANDREEV, Nadejda, ZUBCOV, Elena. Accumulation potential for heavy metals of the edible snail Helix Pomatia L. In: Environmental Challenges in the Black Sea Basin: Impact on Human Health, 23-26 septembrie 2020, Galaţi. Cluj-Napoca, România: Universitatea „Dunarea de Jos”, Galați, 2020, pp. 21-22. ISBN 978-606-17-1691-3.
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Environmental Challenges in the Black Sea Basin: Impact on Human Health 2020
Conferința "Environmental Challenges in the Black Sea Basin: Impact on Human Health"
Galaţi, Romania, 23-26 septembrie 2020

Accumulation potential for heavy metals of the edible snail Helix Pomatia L

CZU: 504.054:546.3:594.38

Pag. 21-22

Andreev Nadejda, Zubcov Elena
 
Institute of Zoology
 
Proiecte:
 
Disponibil în IBN: 6 decembrie 2020


Rezumat

The accumulation capacity of toxicants by organisms is an important criterion for their selection as biological indicators. Metal accumulation can be expressed by the bioaccumulation coefficient, which is the ratio between the metal content in the body of an organism and the metal content in the soil or vegetation. Many investigations on terrestrial mollusks have included them in the category of heavy metal macroconcentrators, due to their mode of nutrition as well as the permanent use of soil as a source of calcium, necessary for the growth and repair of the shell). Research on the species Helix pomatia L. (Andreev, 2000) collected from Chisinau, has shown that this species is a macroconcentrator of cadmium, copper and zinc (in the latter case only in relation to vegetation) and deconcentrator for lead and chromium. The bioaccumulation coefficient K for cadmium is quite high both in relation to the soil and in relation to vegetation and litter. Its values in the visceral mass in Helix pomatia are usually up to 25 higher than in the shell. A higher concentration of cadmium in both the visceral mass and in the shells compared to that in the environment could be that although present in smaller quantities than other metals in the environment, it is more mobile and thus "more available" in the environment for its assimilation by organisms. A high efficiency for cadmium in invertebrates is caused by the mobility of this metal in the environment and its fast release from food by digestive enzymes. The bioaccumulation of copper in the visceral mass of snails could be conditioned by the metabolic role of this metal, as a basic component of hemocyanin. Studies show that snails are very effective copper accumulators with an efficiency of 89-91%, that could be particularly high with a high concentration of this metal in the environment. Land gastropods are able to store copper in special organs, which are found in the hepatopancreas and are called cuprosomes. Zinc also plays an important role in the vital activity of terrestrial gastropods as a component of many enzymes. However, the ability of Helix pomatia L.to accumulate zinc is less than the storage capacity for copper and cadmium. The K coefficient for zinc was higher than 2 only in relation to vegetation. In relation to the soil and litter, Helix pomatia is a microconcentrator or even a deconcentrator. The bioaccumulation coefficient K in Helix pomatia for lead and chromium was less than 1 in all cases. The deconcentration of such toxic metals as lead and chromium could be caused by the fact that in most soils insoluble forms of chromium predominate. Chromium was not bioaccumulated even at a significant concentration in the soil (1074.7 g-g) (Andreev, 2000). Lead, compared to other metals, is less soluble in the intestines of gastropods and as a result is less accumulated in the body of snails. Another peculiarity could be the existence of possible regulatory mechanisms of this metal such as for example some metabolic mechanisms by triggering detoxification processes (synthesis of proteins able to bind toxic metals and store them in certain special organs, such as copper). Considering that the species Helix pomatia L is used for food in many countries that in order to reduce health risks, it is recommended to avoid their collection from the wild close to the areas with high pollution level of copper or cadmium.