The ethnocultural specificity of shaping the epoch of “new humanism in the 21st century” (the comprehension of the concept of “new humanism in the 21st century” was initiated by UNESCO) is implicitly present in such narratives as folklore, memoirs, etc., as we have revealed. We have developed an innovative ethnological and hermeneutic approach to identifying the above specificity where the achievements of interpretive anthropology by C. Geertz, the concept of “mythological consciousness” (according to J.J. Wunenburger), the concept of humanization of myth developed by us, and the concept of megamodern we have been working on are applied. A “hermeneutic maxim” can be defined as a description of an element of the world image shaped by mythological consciousness in the narrative under consideration (a fragment of the narrative) which is structured according to the hermeneutical expression stating, “The universe is such that...”.The relevant interpretative ethnological model suggested by us can be briefly described in the following way. Hermeneutic maxims are revealed, comprehended, and correlated with special ethnocultural constants-concepts. The indicated constants-concepts – which must be preliminarily identified by the researcher in folklore texts by the ethnos under consideration – have the following characteristics: 1) they are axiological constants of the relevant folklore; 2) they fulfill one of the basic functions of mythological consciousness – implementation of ethicizing harmonization of the Universe. Each of the hermeneutic maxims is characterized by means of its correlation with a particular ethnocultural constant-concept, which allows identifying relevant fragments of the content of the latter and enriches them. Those hermeneutic maxims which are shaped by mythological consciousness in accordance with its function that implements ethicizing harmonization of the Universe are identified as ethnocultural specificity of shaping the epoch of “new humanism in the 21st century”.