The increase in extreme events and disasters worldwide due to climate change is one of the greatest concerns. The increase of extreme meteorological events, especially precipitation, has led to subsequent increased risk of flooding events. The aim of this study was to examine the potential correlation between climate change and the development of extreme hydro-meteorological phenomena, with an emphasis of flash flood event and their impact on the socio-economic environment. To assess the correlation between natural disasters and climate change and their effects and impacts, natural disaster databases have been developed and are updated constantly worldwide. The databases that were used in this study were: a) EM-DAT, The Emergency Events Database - Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) – CRED, b) ETC-ICM, European Topic Centre on Inland, Coastal and Marine waters and EEC, c) DesInventar, Disaster Inventory System (United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction – UNISDR) and d) Dartmouth Flood Observatory, University of Colorado. From these databases, the cases of natural disasters that are caused by floods, especially flash floods, were highlighted. The data on floods mined from them, were annual floods, annual number of victims, the number of people affected and the annual economic damages, for the period 1900-2019. After analysing the data, they showed significant increases in annual floods and flash floods, especially in the last 5 years. The positive fact was that there is no increase in the number of victims, although there is an increasing trend in the number of people affected by the floods, as well as the financial losses that have been caused, especially in the last 50 years. The changes in these parameters, directly related to climate change, and their correlation to the variation of the frequency of flash floods and the time-varying parameters that determine the effects of these natural phenomena for the period 1990-2018, were also studied. The steady upward trend in the average global temperature (that characterizes climate change) was found to correspond to an increase in the number of floods and flash floods. Overall, the incidence of extreme weather events, such as very intense rainfall events, have increased, and this is linked to climate change. These extreme events lead to more frequent floods and disasters that often exceed the design specifications of the infrastructure that increase the risk and susceptibility, especially in urban settings.