The health system of the Republic of Moldova is a part of the social sphere aimed to assure the health of the whole society and of every citizen as well as the prolongation of the longevity of human life. Health care is a system of state institutions, regulations and policies aimed to assure the health of the general population and individuals in particular. Healthcare is an indispensable element of medical services and, with the passage of time, has become a component of cost-effective services, giving it quality and effectiveness, which condition the analysis of competitive market-specific elements in order to make it more efficient. Through the research, the authors have proposed to highlight the problems of the healthcare system. At the same time, a comprehensive analysis of the specialized literature has been carried out and the most important norms and sources underlying the regulation of the health system have been established. In this context, the health levels and indicators of health-quality-performance evaluation have been established, as well as the meaning of program in the health system and the components of the “Public Health and Health Services Program”. The results of the research highlight the real situation of the health system in the Republic of Moldova.