The Great Union was the main event in the context of the political project for the building of the Romanian national unitary state. The issue should be seen in the light of the fact that Romania after the First World War embraced within its borders very different regions with a totally inhomogeneous population, including in this respect a significant variety of ethnic or ethno-confessional minorities whose number grew from 8% of the Old Kingdom’s population to 28% of the population of the new Romania. Establishing a unitary regime for all national minorities within Great Romania became one of their stringent priorities in the circumstances of recognizing territorial unity. Until now, however, the total ethnic communities of Bessarabia, for example, have reacted differently to fit within the limits of the new Romanian national state. What we propose in this study refers to the situation and attitude of the Armenian community in Bessarabia before and after December 1, 1918, which we will largely analyze on the basis of archive documents. In relation to the rest of the ethnic communities, the Armenian community of Bessarabia was to adapt to new socioeconomic circumstances on the one hand and confessional on the other.