Language development is taking on the status of leading principle of studying native language in secondary school, in particular in elementary one. According to the governmental standart of primary education, the aim of school language course is to teach pupils to use Ukrainian fluently as a means of communication, mental enrichment, forming of noetic culture. The article describes the ways of elementary school pupils’ language development. It determines the pedagogical conditions, methods, teaching techniques; shows the system of exercises to provide the development of oral and writing language of young students in the process of learning the language material, which is based on texts about nature.