Spirulina platensis as biosorbent of zinc in water
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ZINICOVSCAIA, Inga, DUKA, Gh., RUDIK, V., CEPOI, Liliana, CHIRIAC, Tatiana, RUDI, Ludmila, FRONTASYEVA, Marina, PAVLOV, Sergey, GUNDORINA, Svetlana. Spirulina platensis as biosorbent of zinc in water. In: The International Conference dedicated to the 55th anniversary from the foundation of the Institute of Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 28-30 mai 2014, Chișinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Institutul de Chimie al AȘM, 2014, pp. 191-192.
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The International Conference dedicated to the 55th anniversary from the foundation of the Institute of Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova 2014
Conferința "The International Conference dedicated to the 55th anniversary from the foundation of the Institute of Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova"
Chișinău, Moldova, 28-30 mai 2014

Spirulina platensis as biosorbent of zinc in water


Pag. 191-192

Zinicovscaia Inga1, Duka Gh.2, Rudik V.3, Cepoi Liliana3, Chiriac Tatiana3, Rudi Ludmila3, Frontasyeva Marina1, Pavlov Sergey1, Gundorina Svetlana1
 
1 Joint Institute of Nuclear Research,
2 Institute of Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova,
3 Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology of the ASM
 
Proiecte:
 
Disponibil în IBN: 22 iunie 2020


Rezumat

Heavy metals are known as a hazardous group of pollutants. The contamination by heavy
metals causes a serious problem because they cannot be naturally degraded like organic
pollutants and they are accumulated in different parts of the food chain. Physical and chemical
methods have been proposed for the removal of these pollutants. Nevertheless, they have some
disadvantages, among them cost-effectiveness limitations, generation of hazardous by-products
or inefficiency when concentration of polluted materials is below 100 mg/l. Biological methods
help to avoid these drawbacks since they are easy to operate, do not produce secondary pollution
and show higher efficiency at low metalconcentrations. Microorganisms and plants are usually
used for the removal of heavy metals [1,5,7]. Mechanisms by which microorganisms act on
heavy metals include biosorption, bioleaching, biomineralization, intracellular accumulation
andenzyme-catalyzed transformations.
Microalgae have been found to be efficient biosorbents of metal ions from wastewater,
owing to their low cost, prompt availability, relatively high specific surface area and good
binding affinity [3,4].
Being used in electroplating (anti-corrosion agent), alloys, pigments in paints, organic
synthesis, agriculture, zinc falls within the aquatic environment, creating and advanced level of
pollution [2, 6].
To determine the biosorption of Zn cations by Spirulina platensis 0.75 g of biomass were
suspended in 100 mL of ZnSO4·7H2O solution (concentration 0.34 mM and 3.4 mM) in 250-mL
glass flasks on a rotary shaker set at 100 rpm. The process of zinc adsorption was studied during
1 hour. Samples were collected in 5, 15, 30 and 60 minutes.
For samples elemental content determination neutron activation analysis (NAA) at the pulsed
fast reactor IBR-2 (FLNP JINR, Dubna) was used. Samples with concentration of ZnSO4·7H2O
0.34 mM were irradiated for 2 days and their activity measured in 4 days. The zinc content was
determined by γ-line with the energy 1115.5 keV of isotope 65Zn.
For samples with concentration of ZnSO4·7H2O 3.4 mM the irradiation time was 30 min
and Zn concentration was determined by γ-line with the energy 438.6 keV of isotope 69mZn.
The NAA data processing and determination of element concentrations were performed
using software developed in FLNP JINR.
The conventional techniques to remove toxic metals such as ion exchange and
precipitation are considered to be inefficient and too expensive when the zinc ion concentration
in the aquatic environment is lower than 100 mg/l. In our case in the first experiment the
concentration of zinc was 22.6 mg/l. In the second experiment the concentration of zinc in
solution was higher. In this case the microbial metal removal and traditional technologies of
water purification can be efficiently applied.
In the case of zinc sulfate with a concentration of 0.34 mM the zinc content in biomass
during the first 5 min of interaction grows up from 50 to 900 μg/g and further accumulation is
observed, no saturation occurs. The rate of biosorption of zinc from solutions after the first five
minutes of contact decreases gradually, but stable growth is recorded within 60 minutes of

contact. From the solution of zinc sulfate (0.34 mM) the spirulina biomass accumulated about
56% of zinc ions (1700 μg/g). At the ZnSO4 concentration of 3.4 mM (Fig.1b) the rate of metal
removal from solution was very rapid in the first 5 min (from 50 to 9000 μg/g) then it did not
change significantly. In this case the spirulina biomass accumulated 6.75mg of zinc ions from
22.6mg present in 100 ml of solution. The extension of the contact time of interaction of 3.4mM
zinc sulfate solution with the spirulina biomass does not lead to the additional accumulation of
the metal ions. Thus, in the case of a high concentration of zinc ions in the solution the efficiency
of the spirulina biomass as a sorbent is lower.
The potential application of microorganisms for water treatment is an efficient method. Spirulina
biomass can be successfully used for zinc removal from wastewater at low zinc concentration,
when conventional techniques are unprofitable. Spirulina cyanobacteria can be efficiently used
for the processes of water post-treatment and as a matrix for zinc-containing drugs
The work was funancially supported by JINR GRANT № 13-402-03 and institutional project
11.817.08.18F
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