The influence of the electric fields on the intensification of dealkalization of industrial glasses with gaseous reagents
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2021-09-20 15:47
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SHARAGOV, Vasile, BURCOVSCHI, Ion. The influence of the electric fields on the intensification of dealkalization of industrial glasses with gaseous reagents. In: The International Conference dedicated to the 55th anniversary from the foundation of the Institute of Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 28-30 mai 2014, Chișinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Institutul de Chimie al AȘM, 2014, p. 182.
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The International Conference dedicated to the 55th anniversary from the foundation of the Institute of Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova 2014
Conferința "The International Conference dedicated to the 55th anniversary from the foundation of the Institute of Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova"
Chișinău, Moldova, 28-30 mai 2014

The influence of the electric fields on the intensification of dealkalization of industrial glasses with gaseous reagents


Pag. 182-182

Sharagov Vasile, Burcovschi Ion
 
"Alecu Russo" State University of Balti
 
Disponibil în IBN: 21 iunie 2020


Rezumat

Thermochemical treatment of glassware with gaseous reagents is the simplest method to
improve the surface properties of glass. The main disadvantage of this method of treatment is the
low depth of dealkalization layer (about 1 m in the case of industrial glassware), so it has a
smaller effect in comparison to other strengthening methods i.e. ion exchange, etching in
hydrofluoric acid and tempering [1]. Due to the same reason, during the operation of glassware
their modified layers are rapidly destroyed and there is a degradation of glass strength. Hence,
the wide use of this method is due to the increased thickness of dealkalized layer. It is known
that electric, magnetic and acoustic fields significantly affect the chemical processes [2]. The
effect of physical fields on chemical interaction between acid gases and glass has not been
described in literature.
The aim of the undertaken experiments was to investigate the influence of electric fields
on the process of dealkalization of industrial glassware with gaseous reagents.
The subjects of investigation were various types of industrial glassware: sheet glass
samples, containers (bottles, jars and flasks) of colorless glass, bottles of green glass, ampoules
made from medical glass, illuminating glassware made from transparent colorless and milk
glasses, laboratory and assorted glassware. SO2, NO2, HCl, CF2Cl2, CHF2Cl and mixtures of
these gaseous reagents (CF2Cl2 + SO2, CHF2Cl + NO2, SO2 + HCl etc.) were used as gaseous
reagents.
The samples of glass were exposed to thermochemical treatment with gaseous reagents in
the electric fields both in laboratory and industrial conditions. The main regimes of
thermochemical treatment of glass are the following: temperature - between 300 and 600 oС,
duration - between 1 s and 2 h, quantity of gas reagent introduced into the reacting vessel -
between 0.01 and 1.00 mol, voltage value - up to 5 kV.
The intensity of glass dealkalization by acid gases was estimated using the extraction rate
of alkaline cations [3]. During the first stage of investigation we determined the rate of
dealkalization of industrial glasses with different gaseous reagents based on the optimal regime
of thermochemical treatment in laboratory conditions. In the following experiments the
thermochemical treatment was repeated, but under the influence of electric fields (constant and
alternating). We have established that the rate of dealkalization of industrial glasses with gaseous
reagents under the impact of electric fields has increased by 2-3 times. The results achieved may
be explained by the voltage value, shape, material and size of the electrodes, the distance
between the electrodes etc. Similar results have been obtained for industrial experiments.
References:
[1] Бутаев, А. М. Прочность стекла. Махачкала: Дагестанский государственный
университет, 1997, 253 с.
[2] Poller, S. Chemie auf dem Wege ins dritte Jahrtausend. Leipzig – Jena – Berlin: Urania –
Verlag, 1979, 400 p.
[3] Sharagov, V., Duca, Gh. Increasing physical and chemical properties of annealed hollow
glassware as well as of those stored and used. Romanian Journal of Materials. 2013, nr. 43
(2), 218-222.