Peculiarities of anglicisms in the Romanian publicistic style
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STRUGAC, Alisa. Peculiarities of anglicisms in the Romanian publicistic style. In: Sesiune naţională de comunicări ştiinţifice studenţeşti:: Ştiinţe umanistice, 11-13 aprilie 2019, Chișinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al USM, 2019, SU, pp. 102-104. ISBN 978-9975-142-89-2.
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Sesiune naţională de comunicări ştiinţifice studenţeşti:
SU, 2019
Sesiunea "Sesiune naţională de comunicări ştiinţifice studenţeşti"
Chișinău, Moldova, 11-13 aprilie 2019

Peculiarities of anglicisms in the Romanian publicistic style

CZU: 811.135.1'373.45:070

Pag. 102-104

Strugac Alisa
 
Moldova State University
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 14 aprilie 2020


Rezumat

The phenomenon of the English language influence has intensified lately due to such factors as: popularity of the American culture and lifestyle, technological innovations, freedom of the press, development of the online media etc. All these factors, based on previous historical events, contribute to the wide use of Anglicisms in modern communication. According to Mioara Avram, a Romanian linguist, Anglicisms are linguistic units (words, phraseological units, meanings or grammatical constructions) and even types of pronunciation or writing that have English origins (either American or British) [1, p. 11]. The term Anglicism originated from French (“(l)’anglicisme”) and it was first used in the 17th century. Some linguists state that a distinction between Anglicisms and words with English origins should be made. This view is supported by the Romanian linguist Adriana Stoichitoiu-Ichim, who argues that Anglicisms should be distinguished both from fully assimilated borrowings and from foreignisms [2, p. 29]. The publicistic style allows the study of the functioning of Anglicisms in different fields and involving a big number of people, including journalists, translators and the target audience. With the development of online media, a huge number of websites have emerged, providing news and articles on different topics, many of them translated from English. Translation has become a very important part of the journalistic activity. Since the largest news agencies are English, it is the source language of the greatest part of the translated material that comes to the target audience in many countries. Even though the word Anglicism is connected to the word England etymologically, it is generally not only used for Anglicisms from England, but also for English loans from all varieties of the English language. Sometimes, in order to specify the origin of an Anglicism, the term Americanism is also used for borrowings originated from the United States, this then being a subordinate of the term Anglicism [3, p. 8]. We have identified 218 distinct Anglicisms from the following fields: politics (11), economics (31), culture (66), IT (56), sports (20) and other fields (33). The most part of the identified Anglicisms belong to the field of culture. This is motivated by the popularity of the American culture and lifestyle. The next category, IT, is motivated by the great number of technological innovations coming from the English-speaking world. Speaking about morphological assimilation, we identified several peculiarities: in Romanian gender is important for inflections and the most part of Anglicisms are neutral, have Romanian morphological attachments that show the plural form and the definite article. For example the word “workshop” is neutral in Romanian and has the plural form according to Romanian rules “workshop-uri”, the definite article is also Romanian “workshopul”. Generally, only one meaning from a polysemantic English word is borrowed in Romanian. For instance, “party” is used in Romanian only with the meaning of “social gathering”, while in English it also has the meaning of “a political group”. Besides technical borrowings, there are borrowings motivated by the necessity of new expressive means. In some cases, Anglicisms can be euphemisms: e.g. “pernă plină de insecte precum bed bugs”. Graphical assimilation is characterized by instability in the use of the hyphen and mixed English and Romanian spelling (e.g. “bloggeriță”, with double “g”). There are graphical aspects that can create difficulties of understanding and pronunciation (for example, homographs, such as “chip”). As a recommendation, we would like to encourage a constructive approach to the use of Anglicisms. The process of assimilation should not be forced. We agree with the idea that all Anglicisms that are repeatedly used in the online media should be included in an online dictionary and this should not be be interpreted as an encouragement to use them, but as a helpful tool that would reduce the risk of misunderstanding and inappropriate use. It is also necessary to raise awareness among translators and representatives of the media in order to encourage a responsible approach towards the use of Anglicisms.