The article presents in a systematic and logical way the theoretical concept of strategic analysis of agriculture in the Republic of Moldova. Within national economy, agriculture is one of the most important branches, intended to make a valuable contribution to re-launch our country’s economic growth. It is necessary to make fundamental changes in the agrarian structure, in the organization of agricultural farms, and in the material and technical basis, thus ensuring the implementation of modern agriculture and its inclusion in the overall transition strategy of entire Romanian economy to market economy.