The article compares the specificity of human, social and environmental security in the offers proposed by the eastern and western vectors of the integration of the Republic of Moldova into these geopolitical spaces and systems.We note that the offer of association in the western direction differs significantly from Asian integration, through much more diversified content and clearer, well-drafted application procedures, especially through the security and sustainability of applying and guaranteeing these provisions, and the smooth operation of personal, environmental, or social protection and security mechanisms. In this plan, the adjustment of the human security system is highlighted as useful and functional for the socio-political modernization of the Republic of Moldova. Counteraction of the risks, the appropriate assessment of the benefits, costs and vulnerabilities specific to each of the two international association options for the Republic of Moldova are proving to be crucial, especially inthe field of strengthening social andhuman protection. In this respect, a number of the elements of the national interest of the Republic of Moldova, besides securing of the individual security for each citizen as well as his personal safety, besides the deepening internally and externally of the sovereignty and the independence of the state, stand out from the nature, values, historical experience, the potential and character of the Republic of Moldova as a state and community, such as increasing socioeconomic well-being ofthepopulationandraising living standards, reachinga high level of economic and energy self-sufficiency, realizing internal civic peace or territorial integration under the conditions of fortification the decision-making and executive power of central and local authorities, the building of a rule oflaw and the realization of a sustainable and decentralized local self-management system.