Evaluation of initial tomatoes material based on reaction to some fungy pathogens
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MIHNEA, Nadejda, LUPASHKU, Galina A.. Evaluation of initial tomatoes material based on reaction to some fungy pathogens. In: Life sciences in the dialogue of generations: connections between universities, academia and business community, Ed. 1, 21-22 octombrie 2019, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Tipogr. "Biotehdesign", 2019, pp. 43-44.
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Life sciences in the dialogue of generations: connections between universities, academia and business community 2019
Conferința "Life sciences in the dialogue of generations: connections between universities, academia and business community"
1, Chişinău, Moldova, 21-22 octombrie 2019

Evaluation of initial tomatoes material based on reaction to some fungy pathogens


Pag. 43-44

Mihnea Nadejda, Lupashku Galina A.
 
Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 9 decembrie 2019


Rezumat

Tomato growth and development are subject to the strong influence of fungal diseases and low temperatures at early stages of development. Among the biotic factors, unfavorable for the growth and development of tomato plants under the conditions of the Republic of Moldova lately are recorded the Fusarium spp. and Alternaria spp. fungal pathogens. The aim of the research was to elucidate the perspective forms of tomatoes with complex resistance to F. oxysporum, F. solani and A. alternata. As a research material, 10 different types of tomatoes were served. Testing the reaction of tomato plants to the treatment of seeds with culture filtrates (CF) of the F. oxysporum, F. solani and A. alternata fungus showed that under the action of pathogen metabolites there was inhibition of seed germination, growth and development of the embryonic root and stem. The reaction of the plants depended on the genotype, the analyzed character and the fungal species, being largely determined by the tested organ. The germination capacity of the seeds of the evaluated forms, following their treatment with CF, showed a differentiated reaction. For example, F. oxysporum CF inhibited seed germination by -1.6 ... -30.3%, F. solani: -5.8% ... - 46.4%, and A. alternata: -10.0... -44.9%. Significant inhibition was recorded to the Florina (-30.3%), L 66 (19.4%), L 11 (-16.4%) genotypes under the influence of the F. oxysporum CF. In the variant with F. solani CF strong character inhibition was observed to the Florina, Pontina, Roma varieties and L 66, L 71 lines – with 46.4, 30.0, 23.3, 26.9, 25.4%, and insignificant inhibition in Flacăra and Mary varieties Gratefully – by 5.8 and 10.2%, respectively. Under the influence of A. alternata CF, significant inhibition was found in the Florina (-44.9%), Pontina (29.1%), Măriuca (-25.0%) varieties and L 66 (-23.2), L 11 (-20.1%) lines. An inhibition of less than 15% in the 3 CFs used was recorded in the Flacăra, Mary Gratefully and L 10B varieties.   In the case of rootles, the genotypes showed quite high sensitivity to CF. They inhibited its growth within the limits 35.0… -82.0%. The evaluated genotypes were most strongly influenced by F. solani and A. alternata, the average values relative to the control varying within the limits 46.9 ... -80.3% and 47.1 ... 82.0%, respectively. Strong inhibitions were attested at L 71, Florina, L 66, Flacara genotypes with F. oxysporum CF. In 8 of the 30 cases there was an inhibition of root growth within the limits of 35.0… 47.9%. Therefore, no genotypes with low sensitivity were attested. The lowest sensitivity to CF studied was recorded at L 66, which can be used in the improvement process as being the most resistant. In the case of stem length, a greater amplitude of variability was identified in response to the fungi CF. Stem inhibition in relation to the control ranged within the limits -48.3… -71.1% – F. oxysporum, -55.0.2… 84.7% – F. solani, -61.2… -85, 7% – A. alternata. As with the rootless, genotypes were most strongly influenced by F. solani and A. alternata CF. For example, in the variant with F. solani, inhibition higher than 60.0% was observed in all genotypes except the L 66 line, where the growth of the strain was suppressed by 55.0%. Following our research, it was found that growth organs in all forms were strongly influenced by F. solani and A. alternata CF. Mean resistance to F. oxysporum manifested Rome and Pontina cultivars. The less sensitive genotypes in the CF of the mentioned fungi are of interest for breeding programs as possible donors of resistance to fusariose and alternariose.