Vegetative propagation of Hyacinthus orientalis L.
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VOINEAC, Ina, GROZDEVA (GARGALÎC), Svetlana. Vegetative propagation of Hyacinthus orientalis L.. In: Conservation of plant diversity, Ed. 4, 28-30 septembrie 2015, Chișinău. Chișinău: Gradina Botanica (Institut), 2015, Ediția 4, p. 112. ISBN 978-9975-3036-8-2.
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Conservation of plant diversity
Ediția 4, 2015
Simpozionul "Conservation of plant diversity"
4, Chișinău, Moldova, 28-30 septembrie 2015

Vegetative propagation of Hyacinthus orientalis L.


Pag. 112-112

Voineac Ina1, Grozdeva (Gargalîc) Svetlana2
 
1 Botanical Garden (Institute) of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova ,
2 Institute of Zoology ASM
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 15 mai 2019


Cuvinte-cheie
bulbous plants, bulbs, scales, vegetative reproduction


Teza

Common Hyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis L.) – the ancestor of all the garden hyacinths, belongs to the lily family (Liliaceae). Genus Hyacinthus L., has more than 30 species found primarily in North Africa and in the Mediterranean area. In the wild, hyacinths are spread in the Balkans, Minor Asia, Mesopotamia on dry open slopes at an altitude of 1500 m above sea level (Bykhovets, Goncharuk, 2004). This is a perennial bulbous plant with linear-lanceolate, bright green, fleshy leaves, forming a rosette. The flowers are bell-shaped with six-partite corolla, simple or double – flowering collected in a straight cylindrical ear on the spike which grows to 20-35 cm tall. They have a strong flavor, and modern varieties differ in a wide palette of color (white, pink, purple, lilac, cream-yellow, blue, cyan, crimson, plain and with a border of various shades). The bulbs are spherical or broadly cone shaped with numerous juicy, stocking up, covering scales. The color of the coating scales of the bulbs depends on the color of the flower: Hyacinth with white flowers has it light grey, with pink flowers – lilac, the yellowish one has grayish-cream scale, the varieties with blue and purple flowers – purple. The roots are placed around the perimeter of the stems; do not have branches and root hairs. They are known since 1562. There are more than 300 varieties widespread all over the world. Hyacinths are used in group plantings, flower beds, for forcing. Hyacinths bloom early in Moldova in March-April, for 10-15 days. Hyacinths are propagated by seeds and vegetatively. In vegetative reproduction, it retains all the characteristics of the mother plant. In the Botanical Chisinau Garden, Hyacinthus orientalis L. representatives are a part of the ornamental bulbous plant collection. The range is narrow and reproduction, until recently, was carried out by natural division of the bulbs. Such a method does not provide a large number of planting material, since the formation of the “kids” of hyacinths usually begins in the 5-6th year. This explains the poor distribution of hyacinth in flower forms in the Republic as well as among amateur gardeners. In this connection, in 2012 we began to study different ways of vegetative propagation of hyacinth. The aim of our research was to determine the most available and easy, in our conditions, method of increasing the number of taxa of that culture. The research work was made in the stock greenhouse of floriculture of Botanical Garden (Institute) of the ASM. Based on the methodology (Bykhovets, Goncharuk, 2004), we expanded hyacinths of two varieties Amethyst and Blue Jasket using various growth factors. Pre-treatment was carried out, soaking scales separated from the bulbs in aqueous solution of growth stimulants (8 variants). As a control, 0.4% fundazol solution and water were taken. Thus, treated scales were placed in special containers and at a predetermined temperature and humidity they were kept in diffused light for 6 weeks. During this time, at the base of the scales, formed one or more “children”, which were subsequently separated and planted in the boxes filled with a special substrate for their rearing. Scales were placed again after 7 weeks bulbs were separated. Thus, over a period of weeks with 6 hyacinths bulbs we received more than 400 bulblets, which were planted in the open ground on the third year of cultivation. Taking into account all the above, it can be concluded that the breeding of Hyacinthus orientalis L. with bulb scales, within the Botanical Garden (Institute) of the ASM, is successful. The best time for breeding hyacinth in Moldova in this way is September-October.