The aim of the study is focused on bio-ecological peculiarities, bio-productivity assessment, habitat evaluation and abundance estimation of natural populations of two Artemisia L. species (Artemisia annua L. and A. absinthium L.) in order to identify and capitalize their economic potential at local level.  The bio-morphological and ontogenetic peculiarities of studied species were conducted; phenological phases were recorded on a weekly basis [2]. For the bio-productive assessment, in terms of biomass, the standard methodology was used, following parameters were assessed: the number of individuals on surface unit, height of the individuals, number of shoots, inflorescence length. For these samples the fresh weight, dry weight and drying ratio were determined. The designation of Habitat types was made according to the Interpretation Manual of EU Habitats, 2007, Directive 92/43/EEC on the basis of scientific criteria defined in Annex III of the Directive [1]. In order to determine the abundance of the species in studied locations, the DAFOR scale was used. The taxonomic nomenclature followed by the recent taxonomical literature. Voucher specimens are lodged in the Herbarium of Botanical Garden (Institute) of ASM. Fieldwork was carried out throughout the country; 16 growing sites (A. annua and A. absinthium – 8 sites each) were identified and investigated.   For Artemisia absinthium, one type of steppic grassland (Ponto-Sarmatic steppes) and three types of forested habitats (Euro-Siberian woods with Quercus spp, Dacian oak and hornbeam forests and Eastern white oak woods) have been identified and characterized. Artemisia annua is tending to populate some anthropogenic habitats, sometimes forms pure vegetal associations or is a part of floristic component of other phytocoenoses.  As a result of biometric measurement the height of the A. annua plants ranges between 62 cm and 171 cm. In the central part of the country (Trebujeni population) the plants have 56-182 cm height and the plants from Cosauti population (north of the country) reached up 120-160 cm. The average of the fresh/dry weight per plant in case of A. annua was 66.3g/25.7 g (38.8 g d.w./100g f.w.). The average of stem/leaf ratio per plant in terms of dry biomass is 47.3% /49.6% (approximately 1:1).  The average of the fresh/dry weight per plant in case of A. absinthium is 485g/202.5g (41.7g d.w./100g f.w.). The average of inflorescence/stem/leaf ratio per plant, in terms of dry biomass, is 42.9% /32.9%/19.6% (approximately 4:3:2). The height of the plants ranges between 112 cm and 190 cm (Bugeac population, southern part of the country); inflorescence length varies from 26 to 70 cm (the same population). It was also noted the various number of the stems (5-21units) per plant.  There was no significant difference in the starting and duration of phenological phases of A. absinthium and A. annua plants from the studied areas situated in central and northern part of the country. In the south, the beginning of the blooming stage was noted 5-7 days earlier. The abundance for both A. absinthium and A. annua species was determined as dominant and abundant in one location each and frequent in other six locations. This recorded abundance index indicates the possibility for these species to be harvested in the wild without any damage to the species subpopulations.