The year 1917 will remain in universal history not only by the fact that the last bourgeois revolution in history in Tsarist Russia broke out in February, but also that the victory of the first socialist state was proclaimed on 25 October / 7 November. The Bolshevik Victory in Moscow and Petrograd influenced the development of World War I, including Romania's position as the only ally of the Entente on the Eastern Front. 1917 also meant a moment of national redeeming in Bessarabia, a territory detached from Moldavia in 1812. Under the impact of the Russian revolution in February and the Bolshevik movement, in Chisinau there was a feverish political activity crowned by the convening of the Country Council on November 21st.Our paper will not only track the events in Bessarabia, but especially the way in which they have influenced the Romanian-Russian relations. If at the beginning of the year Romania and Russia were in alliance, at the end the relations were extremely tense, and the key that caused the escalation of the bilateral conflict must be sought especially in Chisinau.Therefore, we will try to frame the evolution of the Romanian-Russian relations in the broader framework of the spectacular evolutions on the international stage in 1917, insisting on the situation in Bessarabia and how it determined the evolutions of relations between Bucharest and Kremlin.