In the 21st century, international migration is one of the key factors that shape the world in which we live: it plays a central role in global and national processes of social, economic and political change. The purpose of this article is to study the current trends of international labor migration at the world level and at the national level in the Republic of Moldova. Research objectives: analyses of migration profile of Moldova, of major directions of the current EU migration policy; of fundamental challenges, faced by our labor migrants in hosting countries; research of problems related to return and reintegration of Moldovan labor migrants at home. This study addresses the policies applied for efficient management of the migration processes in order to minimize the costs and to maximize the benefits of labor migration.