Ensuring national security in all areas of state activity is one of the imperatives of its existence as a sovereign and independent subject in relation to other states in world politics. The intensification of the process of regionalization and globalization implies not only the social-economic domains, in which states are prone to yield from their national prerogatives in the common interest, but also the security and defense areas considered as a bastion of the sovereign state. The establishment of a European organization with economic and financial prerogatives in the middle of the 20th century, which during the seven enlargement waves turned into a sui-generis structure at the beginning of the 21st century, attracted its direct neighbor - the Republic of Moldova - in many community policies and programs designed to ensure the stability and development of the East European region. In this context, the Republic of Moldova obtains a multitude of opportunities but at the same time risks with its inclusion in the EU or Euro-Asian security system.