The main trend in the development of the modern world economy is the process of the formation of an innovative economy - a knowledge-based economy, which later becomes the knowledge economy as the highest phase of the innovation economy. In terms of the relevance of this phenomenon, this phenomenon surpasses all others, since not only the pace of world economic growth, but also the sovereignty of states, and the level of ensuring their national security will depend on the rates of innovative development in the 21st century. The most important world tendencies led to the realization of the ruling class, the political and scientific elite of the Republic of Moldova, that a sharp increase in economic and social efficiency inevitably requires the transition of the country’s economy to an innovative development path. In this aspect, the Republic of Moldova, like other countries, expects that knowledge and innovations will become a source of national wealth. In this article, an analysis of the Republic of Moldova’s state policy in the scientific, technical and innovation spheres on creating conditions for the country’s transition to an innovative development path is carried out