The subject developed here below concerns the populations that lived in the Carpatho-Dnestrian forest-steppe in the last two centuries of the pre-Christian era and that are archaeologically identified with the bearers of the PoienestiLucaseuca culture. Although studied for more than half a century, a number of contradictions persist today regarding the interpretation of certain elements. Most of them concern the ethnic composition of those populations. The lines bellow will mainly insist on the evolution of this aspect in the historiography, by delimiting the main assumptions emerged along the years and the arguments existing for each of them.