This paper argues the importance of the archival documents relating to the debates within the primary party organizations of the Moldavian SSR on the secret letter of the Central Committee of the CPSU of December 19, 1956, entitled On strengthening the party organization, political work among the masses and cutting off the attacks of hostile, anti-Soviet elements, as precious testimony on the mood and the conditions prevailing in society after the XX Congress of the CPSU. These testimonies indicate that in the Moldavian SSR, although not at the level and intensity of other union republics, was an increase of anti-communist predispositionswithin the society. Dissatisfaction, distrust and disdain for the regime, expressed in growing criticism of its shortcomings and resorting to alternative sources for information on internal and external events, could be found not only among intellectuals and students, but also among workers and peasants. The letter of December 19, 1956, designed to ensure a return to a strict control of domestic life and annihilation of the reforms initiated in early post-Stalinist years, destroyed the hopes of those who cherished the hope they could have had a say in the path to be followed by the USSR and contributed to the intensification of dissident dispositions and increase of indifference towards communist ideology even among the most ardent supporters of the regime.