The present article examines the state of things in the security sector of the Republic of Moldova. The main threats and vulnerabilities are scanned in the first part. The author determines that the most precarious threats and vul-nerabilities are consequences of wide-ranging problems Moldova is confron-ting with: separatism, political and economic instability, immigration, depo-pulation, transnational crime and trafficking, rickety democratic institutions and the geopolitical position between the two competitive powers: Russian Federation and NATO/EU. Thus, Moldova’s vulnerability is shaped by it’s indecision who’s part to take, and in consequences its actions are mostly im-pulsive and do not follow clear strategic objectives. The second part of the article emphasizes the fact that after the NATO and EU enlargement in 2004 and 2007 to the East the regional environment seems to become more suitable for Moldovan diplomacy to reshape it’s fore-ign policy and redirect it toward a deeper cooperation with NATO and EU. And indeed, the ratification of the Individual Moldovan – European Union Action Plan in the frame of European Neighborhood Policy and Individual Partnership Action Plan Moldova – NATO in the frame of Partnership for Peace Agreement, shows that Moldova, eager to consolidate its security, has initiated a closer relation with the West. In this chapter the author develops the history of the Moldova – NATO relations and highlights the importance of such relations for the Moldovan security. The third part of the present study examines the role of IPAP in consoli-dating national security of the Republic of Moldova. The main objectives are mentioned, the ways these objectives will be implemented are described and the implementation process is put under discussion. The idea of this chapter is that IPAP is an excellent document that can fortify the national security, if declarations are doubled with concrete efforts and actions. Unfortunately, in-dependent experts argue that little have been done till now to implement in practice the commitments Moldova has taken. And this becomes a big threat for Moldovan credibility on the international arena, and for own security, since the results of the implemented actions are found only on the papers. The recommendations for the Moldovan Government are found in the Conclusion chapter. A closer cooperation with Bruxelles and independent experts is required while implementing IPAP, more coordinated actions with Ministry of Finance is imperative, a clear understanding of the ways the IPAP should be implemented is crucial.