In the present study, with the help of modern statistical programs, the processing and analysis of factual data regarding weather and climate conditions in the Republic of Moldova and the size of the sunflower crop for the period 2001-2021 was carried out. Thus, it was established that the average air temperatures during the vegetation period during the years 2001-2020 oscillated between 17.1 and 20.4°C heat, and the average amounts of atmospheric precipitation during that period, oscillated between 190 and 416 mm. The analysis of climate indices for the evaluation of droughts in the Republic of Moldova for the period of 2001-2020 demonstrated that the droughts of 2007, 2012, 2015 and 2020 according to intensity were strong and very strong, and according to the occupied surface (approx. 80-90% of the territory of the republic) were catastrophic. Thus, the annual global production of sunflowers in the period 2001-2021 varied within very large limits, from 160 thousand tons in 2007 to 811 thousand tons in 2017 and 2019. Also, the impact of strong droughts and very strong from the years 2007, 2012, 2015 and 2020 on the productivity of the sunflower crop at country level.