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Articolul precedent |
Articolul urmator |
258 2 |
Ultima descărcare din IBN: 2023-06-27 13:43 |
Căutarea după subiecte similare conform CZU |
639.3:574.6 (2) |
Hunting. Fishing. Fish breeding (79) |
General ecology and biodiversity (779) |
SM ISO690:2012 BALACCI, Sergiu, BALAN, Ion, ROŞCA, Nicolae, BUZAN, Vladimir. Biodiversity, abiotic, anthropological factors and peculiarities of acclimatization in fish farming – evolution and potential . In: Oltenia - studii si comunicari stiintele naturii, 2022, nr. 2(38), pp. 92-99. ISSN 1454-6914. |
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Oltenia - studii si comunicari stiintele naturii | ||||||
Numărul 2(38) / 2022 / ISSN 1454-6914 | ||||||
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CZU: 639.3:574.6 | ||||||
Pag. 92-99 | ||||||
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The paper presents the estimated results of the study and the characteristics of the fisheries sector (field) in the world and in the Republic of Moldova. It was ascertained that nearly 90% of the world's marine fish stocks have been found to be exploited, overexploited or depleted. Nearly 200 million jobs are linked to the fisheries sector. Global fishing in marine waters amounted to 80.4 million tons in 2019 and is dropping by 5.0% compared to 2018, but overall, the volume of fishing in marine waters continues to be stable in the last years. The share of fishing in freshwater, in the total global fishing production, remains around 13%. The fisheries sector has significantly expanded in the last decades, the production increased mostly from aquaculture which from 1990 until 2018 increased by + 527%. In 2019, it represented 48% of the total production of aquatic animals originated from fishing and aquaculture. The largest consumers of fish and fishery products in the world are the European Union, the United States and Japan. About 580 aquatic species are currently cultivated worldwide. The aquaculture production in EU is largely focused on a few species, of which the most important are mussels, salmon, sea bream, rainbow trout, perch, oysters and carp. In 2019, 89% of the total fishery and aquaculture production was used for human consumption, while 11% was meant for non-food products. 44% of fish intended for human consumption was in the form of fresh fish. The amount of inland fish that originated from aquaculture in the last 10 years, has increased by 1.7 times. Currently, the aquaculture production in the Republic of Moldova represents 25% of the value of the entire fish production consumed in the country. Although the potential of the fishery branch is double compared to the current one, it is not enough to satisfy the needs of the population anyway. Thus, the Republic of Moldova is and will continue to remain an importer of fishery products, especially those of marine origin. Although fish consumption per capita in the Republic of Moldova increased from 17.8 g/day (6.49 kg) in 2005 to 23.6 g/day (8.61 kg) in 2017, it is lower than the fish consumption per capita worldwide which in 2018 was 20.5 kg. The habitats of fish species are threatened by both anthropological and abiotic factors. It was estimated that the decline of ocean's health induced by the climate and unsustainable fishing, generated the danger of emptying the planet ocean from fish and it would cost the global economy USD 428 billion per year by 2050. In order to avoid an imminent economic crisis, the widespread devastation of communities, hunger and conflicts related to the resources in the coming decades, the health of oceans shall be restored and focus will be placed on building a fair and sustainable blue economy. For preventing a major catastrophe in the aquatic biodiversity, sustainable fish farming activities must be put into practice and mechanisms for the conservation of the gene pool and to maintain functional the animal reproduction must be developed and implemented. |
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Cuvinte-cheie fish farming, biodiversity, environmental factors, conservation, sustainability, piscicultură, biodiversitate, factori ambientali, conservare, sustenabilitate |
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