Broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) is a holoparasitic angiosperm found in the wild and crop plants mainly in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Genetic variation is an impor-tant force in explaining the evolution process of races and emergence of a new more virulent forms of the pathogen. An efficient technique in molecular genetics, which is widely applied in genetic diversity studies, is SSR-PCR using simple sequence repeats (microsatellites, SSR). The study of the allelic diversity with SSR markers and the genetic relationships between individuals of different O. cumana populations, will contribute essential to the determination and characterization of the population genetic structure, followed by development of strategies to control and improve the resistance of the host plant to the parasite. In this study, the analyses of allelic diversity within different populations of Orobanche cumana Wallr., has been carried out using simple sequence repeats (microsatellites) markers.