In order to study the main agrobiological features and economic efficiency of growing new cultivars of sweet cherry in the arid conditions of the south of Moldova, research was carried out on 6 cultivars: Early Bigi, Bigarreau Moreau, Valery Chkalov, Krupnoplodnaja, Kordia and Regina grafted onto rootstocks Mahaleb cherri and Maxma 60. It was determined that Krupnoplodnaja cultivar had the largest diameter and average weight of the fruit ,and it was also the one that had the largest proportion of fruits with a diameter greater than 28 mm observed in the experiment. The remaining cultivars classified using the same indicator in descending order are: - Kordia - Regina - Bigarreau Moreau - Valery Chkalov - Early Bigi. The most prolific cultivars were Krupnoplodnaja, Valery Chkalov and Regina, which subsequently made them the most profitable ones. These cultivars should be preferred when planting new orchards in this region.