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Ultima descărcare din IBN: 2022-11-25 16:07 |
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633.15:631.52(478) (1) |
Cereals. Grain crops (678) |
Agricultural operations (1225) |
SM ISO690:2012 MELECA, Anatolie, SPÎNU (PATLATII), Angela, SECRIER, Sergiu, VANKOVITCH, N.. Breeding corn for drought tolerance in the Republic of Moldova. In: International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova, Ed. 11, 15-16 iunie 2021, Chişinău. Chișinău, Republica Moldova: Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al Universităţii de Stat din Moldova, 2021, Ediția 11, p. 102. ISBN 978-9975-933-56-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53040/cga11.2021.080 |
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International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova Ediția 11, 2021 |
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Congresul "International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova" 11, Chişinău, Moldova, 15-16 iunie 2021 | ||||||
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DOI:https://doi.org/10.53040/cga11.2021.080 | ||||||
CZU: 633.15:631.52(478) | ||||||
Pag. 102-102 | ||||||
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In the Republic of Moldova corn is considered to be one of the most important cereal and fodder crops, which occupies about 400 000 ha per year. With a longer vegetation period, semilate hybrids are more preferred by producers, ensuring higher yields than earlier maturity groups. These hybrids have a range of valuable biological capacities that have high grain and silo productivity, are well adapted to local climatic conditions, which are often drought, resistant increased plant densities, positive reaction to the use of mineral fertilizers and irrigation, suited to modern technologies, possesses other valuable agronomic indices. Drought is a climatic phenomenon encompassing water limited conditions that reduce plant vegetative growth and can have severe effects on seed production. The optimal strategy for a plant type to produce the most seeds under drought may vary greatly depending on the nature of the stress. Under stressful conditions of Moldova, not only new hybrids have high productivity but also the parental forms of these hybrids – the new experimental inbred lines. In our research, when creating new maize lines resistant to drought, selection methods such as hybridization, selfpollination, recurrent selection, backcrossing are used. In 2019, in the Transnistrian Research Institute of Agriculture, Tiraspol, Moldova tested hybrids created by the Institute of Crop Science “Porumbeni”. This year, due to weather conditions, was characterized by an increased temperature regime and insufficient precipitation. The year was characterized as dry. Without irrigation, in terms of basic grain moisture, the yield of most hybrids varied within 5,0 - 6,6 t/ha. The responsiveness of maize to irrigation was stronger. The yield of 10 hybrids ranged from 10,1 to 12,1 t/ha. The use of irrigation increased the productivity of hybrids by 34 - 106%. Distinctly positive biological characters have led to the extensive use of Moldovan hybrids both in the Republic of Moldova and in other countries. Since 2000, the following 20 corn hybrids have been released: Porumbeni 294, Porumbeni 306, Porumbeni 294, Porumbeni 360, Porumbeni 369, Porumbeni 374, Porumbeni 375, Porumbeni 378, Porumbeni 379, Porumbeni 383, Porumbeni 390, Porumbeni 391, Porumbeni 395, Porumbeni 427, Porumbeni 433, Porumbeni 434, Porumbeni 443, Porumbeni 457, Porumbeni 458, Porumbeni 459, Porumbeni 461, Porumbeni 462, Porumbeni 465. |
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