Migration is one of the conditions necessary for the functioning of the labor market. Both the supply of the labor force of the economy in quantitative terms and the quality of the labor potential depend on the scale and directions of the international labor force migration. Despite the fact that population migration as a social and economic phenomenon has long been known, it attracts attention and interest, both in scientific and practical terms. Migration movements characteristic of every developing society testify to its progress, while “without the creation of mobility of the population there cannot be its development ...” Considering the migration patterns is especially important when analyzing the processes of formation of the internal labor market in the period of integration of Russia into the modern world economy. The quantitative and qualitative composition of the labor force in interaction with other factors determines the pace of economic development of the country, the level of population well-being and the general economic potential of the social and economic system as a whole. In the context of the transformation of the Russian economy, the economic problems and the contradictions associated with the changes of the political, social and economic structures in the Russian society imply an increase of the external migration scale. In this respect, the impact of international labor migration on the quality of the total employment potential of the society and of the employment of the population both at national and regional level requires a deep and comprehensive economic analysis.