This paper shows the relationship of the somatic parameters between the bodyweight and the height of the primary cycle students. For this purpose, an ascertaining study was conducted within 4 school institutions in Bucharest, Târgoviște and Timișoara. The research involved the primary cycle students: a number of 346 subjects aged from 6 to 10 years (177 girls and 169 boys) were measured. The anthropometry was used as a working method and the data obtained were statistically processed and represented graphically. The results of the study highlighted a continuous increase in height and weight in both sexes within the researched age range. The proportionality of the somatic indicators (especially between the body weight indicators and the body height ones) was analyzed. Thus the harmony of the somatic indicators represents the main objective in the correct and harmonious physical development at the level of primary education. The use of the anthropometric method helps in defining the normal and abnormal forms, determining the constitutional types and specifying the changes obtained through sport. In this sense, the level of physical development was established in relation to age and sex, compared to the provisions of the National School System of Evaluation. The study focused on the monitoring of the development under the influence of the systematic practice of physical exercises, orientation of the students with good physical development towards the most appropriate sports branch (criterion of selection) and assessment of the physiological age related to the physical development level.