The author follows the evolution of the artistic translation as a field of study of comparative literature, but not from the point of view of the act of translation as such or of the quality of the translation, but from the point of view of the functionality of the translated work in the system of the receiving literature, in which the translated work performs a series of new functions. But in the last decades of the last century, the artistic translation begins to be approached from new perspectives (poly-systemic, postcolonial, feminist, etc.), insisting more and more on other aspects of translations compared to traditional comparativism so that studies on translations (Translation Studies) threaten to take the place of traditional comparative literature.