The drought in the Republic of Moldova represents the specific feature of the regional climate, being conditioned by the very uneven spatial-temporal distribution of atmospheric precipitation against the background of high air temperature values. Droughts on the territory of the Republic of Moldova are the result of frequent advection of air masses with different characteristics, their subsequent transformation under the influence the underlying surface, during their stationing which leads to the formation of the deficit of humidity and rising temperatures. The purpose of this work was to determine the impact of the drought in the summer of 2022 on the development and fruit formation of the sunflower crop in the Republic of Moldova. The investigations carried out are based on the initial data collected from the archives of specialized state institutions. The factual data collected were systematized, processed, interpreted graphically and cartographically, with the help of statistical programs - Statgraphics, Instat Plus and QGis in accordance with the proposed objectives. The summer of 2022 in the Republic of Moldova was hot and basically with a large deficit of precipitation. The average air temperature for this season in the territory was +21.1...+23.7ºС, being 2.0-3.2ºС higher than the norm. Abnormally warm weather was in the third decade of August, when the average decadal air temperature exceeded the norm by 5-6ºС. The amount of precipitation for the May-July period was basically 30-90 mm (15-45% of the norm), which on a large part of the territory was reported for the first time in the entire period of observations. Due to the severe aridity, which was maintained during the summer season on a large part of the country's territory, extremely unfavorable conditions were created for the formation of sunflower fruit, as well as for the absolute majority of agricultural crops. Carrying out the comparative analysis of the average yield per 1 ha of sunflowers in 2022 with the respective yield in 2021 and with that of the previous 10 years (2012-2021), allowed establishing the impact of the strong and very strong drought in 2022 on the average yield of sunflowers in administrative-territorial profile. Thus, the drought in the summer of 2022 compromised about 42% of the sunflower fruit, constituting only 14.4 ch/ha compared to 24.6 ch/ha in 2021.