This study addresses aspects related to the assessment of climatic elements, which play an important role in the spatial distribution of land use, in the structure, functionality and dynamics of the landscapes. This problem being necessary and current in the context in which the Cubolta river basin needs special protection due to intensive agricultural exploitation (about 90% of the total area). In order to assess the climatic conditions in the Cubolta river basin, quantitative and qualitative parameters were analyzed represented by: average annual temperature and annual rainfall, which were taken from two meteorological stations (Briceni, Soroca and Bălți) for a period of 40 years (1980 - 2020). Thus, it was established that for the analyzed period, the general trend of average annual temperatures is one of increase, by about 0,40C. If in the period 1981-2010, temp. The annual average in the basin was +9.20C, then already in 1991-2020, it constituted +9.60C. In the winter period, these variations were from -1.80C to -1.50C, and in the summer period the temperature increased by 1.00C, from +20.00C to +21.00C. Precipitation, in the same time interval, decreased by 10 mm. If during the period the amount of average precipitation in 1981-2010 was 590 mm, then in 1991-2020 – only 580 mm. Between 2015 and 2022, the average annual rainfall generally fell below 550 mm. Analyzing the correlation between the dynamics of temperature and that of the amount of precipitation, the trend of aridification within the limits of the basin is very clearly highlighted, which will also influence the structure of the landscapes categories.