Assessment of the genetic potential of sunflower hybrids in different environmental conditions
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DUCA, Maria, PORT, Angela, MUTU, Ana, BURCOVSCHI, Ion. Assessment of the genetic potential of sunflower hybrids in different environmental conditions. In: Natural sciences in the dialogue of generations, 14-15 septembrie 2023, Chişinău. Chişinău: Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al USM, 2023, p. 40. ISBN 978-9975-3430-9-1.
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Natural sciences in the dialogue of generations 2023
Conferința "Natural sciences in the dialogue of generations"
Chişinău, Moldova, 14-15 septembrie 2023

Assessment of the genetic potential of sunflower hybrids in different environmental conditions

CZU: 632.11:633.854.78

Pag. 40-40

Duca Maria, Port Angela, Mutu Ana, Burcovschi Ion
 
Moldova State University
 
Proiecte:
 
Disponibil în IBN: 17 octombrie 2023


Rezumat

In the process of evaluating crop plant productivity, the interaction between genotype and environment is very important. In this study, a comparative analysis of the variation in dynamics, depending on the year (2015-2020) and locality (Visoca, Pelinia, Bacioi Grigorievca Svetlii), of the total seed yield obtained from 21 hybrids of different maturity stages was carried out, identifying performing sunflower hybrids (Helianthus annuus) as well as their degree of adaptability to the climatic conditions for a region during six years. Generalizing the obtained results, the average values of the seed yield of hybrids from different stages of maturity did not show statistically significant differences, both within the same locality and between localities, in all 6 years studied (CV=15%, relatively homogeneous). During the 6-year study period , a general tendency to increase the seed productivity in Visoca and Pelinia and a slight decrease in Bacioi, Grigorievca and Svetlii is noted, with some exceptions (2020). The most stable values of the total seed yield of 21 hybrids during the six years studied are found at Grigorievca and Svetlii. The highest sunflower seed yields (tonnes/hectare) in one year were for: Pelinia (3.36 in 2017; 3.58 in 2018; 3.88 in 2019), Visoca (4.28 in 2018; 3.81 in 2019 and 3.93 in 2020), Bacioi (3.54 in 2015; 3.39 in 2016; 3.91 in 2017), Grigorievca (3.00 in 2015; 3.31 in 2016; 3.11 in 2017) and Svetlii (3.42 in 2020). Therefore, in the first three agricultural years, 2015-2017, the highest seed yields were obtained in the central region of the Republic of Moldova (Bacioi), and in the following 2018-2020 period, a trend of increasing yield values from the south to the north is observed and varied between 2.45 t/ha at Grigorievca and 4.28 t/ha at Visoca. Hybrids that showed higher seed yield values, depending on the region, year and genotype, and can be recommended for cultivation are: H6 in Visoca, H1 in Pelinia and Bacioi, H20 in Pelinia, Svetlii, Grigorievca, H8 in Bacioi, Svetlii, H5 and H14 in Grigorievca. At the same time, there are hybrids with high yields in one locality and low in another, for example: H4 can be recommended for cultivation in Bacioi and on the contrary had low performance in Visoca, H19 is superior to other hybrids in Pelinia and inferior in Băcioi, and H13 showed high seed yields in Pelenia, but low - in Bacioi and Grigorievca. The localities with the most favorable conditions regarding the genotype-environment interaction in the manifestation of heterosis are Visoca (for H2, H6, H11, H14, H15, H18, H19, H20) and Bacioi (for H1, H3, H4, H5, H10).

Cuvinte-cheie
Hybrid, sunflower, seed yield, climatic conditions, locality