Introduction: Migration is a phenomenon that influences the sustainable development of the Republic of Moldova, the continuity of reforms implemented in the social, medical, economic fields etc. We cannot just look at the impact of the labor migration as a negative phenomenon, it has positive aspects as cultural exchange between citizens, labor outflow, the contributions of migrant workers, employment, etc. leading to improved living standards and alleviating the social burdens of state. Methods: The study is a secondary study based on revision of domain’s literature. The aim of the study is to highlight the impact of migration in the spheres of social life, economic, medical and political fields of the society. The study carries a retrospective character and analysis of the phenomenon of migration. Results: The contemporary demographic concerns, caused by migration, are determined by risks arising from the locally or zonal, continental crisis, which has influence on social order and triggers a socio-economic, ethnic and cultural disorders balance. Material difficulties and social problems are the most serious obstacles in the way of new families. It is worth noting that the effects of migration, in changing of the system of values tend to be significantly influenced by the type of locality where inhabit migrants. During the period 1990-2000, the number of migrants in the world increased by 14% with the 175 million migrants in 2000 year (3% of the world's population). At the beginning of the XXIst century, on a global scale, each 35th man was a migrant, 48% of all were women migrants. Contemporary demographic transition means passage from a demographic scheme, characterized by increasing of the number of births and deaths, to «modern» scheme characterized by low birth rates, but with an increase in life expectancy. Conclusion: - Labor migration is one of the most pressing socio-economic problems for the Republic of Moldova, the impact of migration is widespread phenomenon, which negatively influences a range of demographic indicators: birth rate, divorce, marriage and population health. - Migration is not a static phenomenon, but continuous standing, which manifests itself with values rising and falling gradients according to the satisfaction of the population`s needs.